Cases with familial diffuse leukoencephalopathy

نویسندگان

چکیده

死亡時55歳と45歳の姉妹例で進行性認知症で経過し,神経病理学的にびまん性大脳白質病変が見られた症例を報告した。症例は,意欲減退,無関心,多幸気分,脱抑制言動,注意集中障害,健忘等の前頭葉障害で発症し,認知機能が進行性に低下した。1~2年後には,視空間定位障害,2~3年後には両便失禁がみられた。5~6年後には寡動・寡黙となり,経鼻管栄養となった。妹は発症して3年後に姉は10年後に全身性けいれん発作が出現した。2例とも病的骨折はなく,骨のX線検査でも異常はみられなかった。血液検査にも異常はなかった。頭部CTで大脳の進行性萎縮と両側大脳基底核に対称性に石灰沈着がみられ,頭部MRIでは大脳白質の広範な障害がみられた。2症例とも肺炎で死亡した。全経過は,22年(姉)と12年(妹)であった。脳重は,580g(姉)と935g(妹)で前頭・側頭葉の萎縮が高度~中等度で,神経細胞の脱落,大脳白質の障害(髄鞘脱落,軸索障害)が主病変であった。軸索変性細胞と軸索変性(spheroid)が広範囲にみられ,大脳基底核には石灰沈着がみられた。姉の例には大脳皮質に多数の老人斑,少数の神経原線維変化,その他の老人性変化(顆粒空胞変性,平野小体,レビー小体)が海馬,脳幹にみられ,アルツハイマー病(AD)の病変を併存していた。若年性の大脳白質病変を主とする疾患について考察した。

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Kyushu Shinkei Seishin Igaku

سال: 2022

ISSN: ['0023-6144', '2187-5200']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11642/kyushuneurop.67.3_4_80